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Diethylene glycol (DEG) is a colorless, odorless, and slightly viscous organic compound with the chemical formula C4H10O3. It is part of a group of compounds known as glycols, which are widely used in various industrial applications due to their unique properties.

Here are some key points about diethylene glycol:

Chemical Structure: DEG is a diol, which means it contains two hydroxyl (-OH) functional groups. Its chemical structure consists of two ethylene glycol units linked together.

Physical Properties: DEG is a clear, hygroscopic liquid with a sweet taste. It has a relatively high boiling point and freezing point, making it useful in applications that involve temperature stability.

Uses:

Industrial Solvent: DEG is commonly used as a solvent for a wide range of chemicals, including dyes, resins, and plastics.

Antifreeze and Coolants: Similar to its close relative, ethylene glycol, DEG can be used as an antifreeze in various applications, such as in automobile radiators and industrial cooling systems.

Polyester Resins: DEG is a key ingredient in the production of polyester resins, which are used in the manufacture of plastics, textiles, and packaging materials.

Personal Care Products: DEG can be found in some personal care and cosmetic products, including skin creams, lotions, and toothpaste.

Pharmaceuticals: It is used in certain pharmaceutical formulations as a solvent or stabilizer.

Plasticizers: DEG can act as a plasticizer in certain plastics and polymers, helping to improve their flexibility and durability.

Toxicity Concerns: While DEG has various industrial applications, it is important to note that it can be toxic if ingested or absorbed through the skin. Ingestion of even small amounts can lead to serious health issues, including kidney and liver damage. Several cases of mass poisonings have been reported due to the accidental or intentional consumption of products contaminated with DEG.

Safety Measures: Due to its potential toxicity, DEG should be handled with care. Proper safety measures, including protective equipment and ventilation, should be in place when working with DEG-containing products.

Regulations: Many countries have established regulations and limits on the use of DEG in consumer products to ensure the safety of consumers.

It's important to follow safety guidelines and handle DEG responsibly, especially considering its potential risks. If you have specific questions about the use of DEG in a particular context or application, it's recommended to consult relevant safety data sheets and guidelines.